Transparency in dealing with public money of the vocabulary of management and good governance in Iraq
08/04/2013 12:00 AM
D. Kamal Al-Basri - Researcher harmful سباهي
come this article reaction to the report issued in September 2012 for the United Nations organizations in Iraq, UNDP & UNDOC who participated in the preparation Authority Alenzahhwaljhaz Central Bureau of Statistics of the Federal Government and the Kurdistan region, and who talked about some of the negative indicators in government departments and in which sacrilege of the rule of law and detect weak sense of citizenship and belonging. aims article to be reminded of the importance of transparency Kmfirdh of the vocabulary of good governance in the use of public money and the development of a sense of responsibility and to achieve efficient use of resources, not to mention it's an effective tool in reducing or resolving tensions between the parties. The article refers to the themes first is respect to the transparency of oil revenues and the second regards the transparency of public spending, then limping to discuss two topics (from the door illustration of the importance of transparency) are the ration card allocations and the rate of wages in government institutions. This article calls for the executive and legislative bodies both to efforts to achieve this important individual of the vocabulary of good governance. The emphasis on good governance does not come from a vacuum, it has confirmed the research that progress and prosperity مصدرهما not natural resources or embrace democracy as far as how to achieve good governance. Means transparency of information allow everyone access to the facts, whether economic, social or political, and this requires institutions You may post various data (plans, spending, agreements, etc.). It is according to the indicators the World Bank for the year 2012 have been diagnosed with Iraq as an advanced country on other countries in the Arab region and the Middle East in the field of democratic practices, it is advanced, for example, Egypt, Qatar and Iran, but this picture will be different when we Multi government's ability to fulfill all the requirements of good governance and the rule of law, transparency and efficiency. * Note in Figure 1 below subject to the lack of transparency deprives citizens of the right to follow up and monitor the disposition of public money (through the channels of parliamentary civil society organizations and the media or through the citizen himself) as stipulated in the Iraqi constitution. They are an important tool to determine, for example, how they sold out of Iraqi oil and follow-up and the oil ministry in the field of exploration, extraction and export and domestic consumption, as it is also a tool to identify and rationalize the priorities in government spending towards the most important and not important (addressing deprivation or spending on the development of foreign relations.) that concerns us In this article to identify the extent to which he achieved Iraq in achieving transparency deal of public money and cracking down on illegal practices (according to the commitments Iraq International), and will stand in the two first transparent fiscal revenue (oil revenues) and the transparency of public spending. 1. The transparency of oil revenues: Iraq was able to occupy an advanced rank in the transparency of the oil industry, the initiative was launched the Extractive Industries Transparency in Baghdad in January 2010 when the Prime Minister announced Iraq's commitment to this initiative. The World Council has the initiative by announcing that Iraq has become a candidate country under the initiative of the Extractive Industries Transparency after a meeting in Oslo in February 2010. As part of the implementation of the initiative of the Extractive Industries Transparency, the government of Iraq is bound to disclose all the revenue generated by sales of the oil sector, and the international companies that buy Iraqi oil to disclose what will then pay to the government, was conducted matching these amounts. And published in the report of the initiative (which has been under the supervision of the Council of the stakeholders, which includes representatives of the Iraqi government and extractive companies of national and foreign civil society organizations and trade unions) in the December 20, 2011, which pointed to matching the cash flows resulting from the oil industry in Iraq in 2009. Perhaps it is also useful to emphasize that Iraq's accession to the organization Transparency International in trading oil foreign is necessary at the present time as strengthen the confidence of the people running the government to clear in front of them all being from trading oil, both at the level of contracts with international companies or the amount of fiscal revenue attributable to the country, in addition to the amount of oil exported to overseas. There is no doubt that the reports of the organization will work to develop status internationally Iraq. That these transparency ستضيق the grip on attempts to financial and administrative corruption that occur in oil trading internal and external. Here we must commend the administration's efforts in a single application of oil task of the vocabulary of good governance, which includes vocabulary Other: Adoption of efficiency, planning and building strategies on the basis of science and the rule of law ... Etc.. 2 - the transparency of public spending: not reconcile Iraq to achieve the transparency of public expenditure and to the same extent that has been achieved for the transparency of the financial resources of oil, it has made Arab countries such as Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt and Lebanon to Iraq, which in turn provides both Qatar and Saudi Arabia. That the transparency of the budget simply requires the dissemination of information issued by the Ministry of Finance annually, according to the Financial Administration Act No. 95 of 2004 on the website of the Ministry and the adoption of issuing the following financial documents: 1. Dissemination of the budget strategy, which includes goals and priorities of economic policies on the medium and long term, and the expectations of revenue and expenditure and the surplus or deficit and debt, 2. Details of the federal budget before and after approval by the Council of Ministers, 3. The federal budget after approval by the House and sent to the Presidential Council for approval, and read it after the budget by the Council of the Presidency of the Republic, 4. Monthly reports: Show monthly reports on progress in the implementation of the budget, and must be issued within (three weeks) from the end of each month, include amounts of revenues and expenses every month and for the period that passed this year until the date of the preparation of reports and should be compared to the numbers what is expected of monthly income and expenditure, as reports must include information about the Alaguetradi activity of the government, 5. Mid-year report: This report provides a comprehensive overview on the implementation of the budget and budget performance for the current year and for the two fiscal years following, at least, must be issued within six weeks from the end of the first half of the fiscal year, this report contains a comprehensive discussion of financial assets and liabilities governmental and non-financial assets and allocations pensions and emergency, that the disclosure of the impact of any government decision, or any other circumstances that would have a significant impact on the budget, 6. End-of-year report: It is the basic document of accountability to the government and must be subject to scrutiny by the highest institution in the field of auditing (BSA) and issued within six months from the end of the fiscal year. The report shows the extent of the commitment level of income and expenditure approved by Parliament in the budget or an amendment to the original budget during the year, and that the formula provides matching perfectly to make the budget formula. The report also contains documents relating to the non-financial performance and actual results targets that have been completed, the total expenditure data in formats and custom cut income and costs for users clearly view spending data by the administrative body, and a comprehensive discussion of the assets.The lack of transparency of the federal budget is a violation of the law of the Financial Administration Act, which states explicitly in the first section of the law that "the principles of transparency and inclusiveness and harmony is of fundamental importance when creating and implementing the federal budget for Iraq and related matters. Vistlzim principle of transparency to publish budget information according to the criteria internationally accepted and progress in a way that facilitates analysis and enhance confidence in them. " The benefits of transparency are many, and perhaps appropriate to put an example for the efficiency of the financial allocations ration cards and the other for the justice of determining the level of wages in government circles. first example ration card allocations: allocated federal budget to buy the ration card items amount (4917 billion dinars) for the year 2013, has also allocated an amount of $ 1360 billion dinars to support the price of agricultural crops included in the ration card items, and for the purpose of access to the commissioning of the ration card total and per capita calculated from these customizations. Has been costing the card Altamoana as follows: 1 - 60 percent of current expenditures for the Ministry of Commerce (except paragraph subsidies and social benefits). 2 - subsidies that include support for crop rice and wheat (buy the crop from farmers). 3 - social benefits which amounts allocated to the import of the paragraphs of the ration card. Was calculated per capita on the basis that the number of beneficiaries of the ration card of 30 million people. When calculating the cost of the ration card Altamoana when buying citizens have directly from the local markets and the price of a single-we decided to put three scenarios have are as follows:Scenario 1: The case of ordinary matter similar to the provided by the ration card system, and is equal to 11 500 dinars. Scenario 2: Case material medium quality better quality than distributed in the ration card and is equal to 18 500 dinars. Scenario 3: The Case of good materials of any good quality much better than it is distributed in the ration card and is equal to 26 500 dinars . the foregoing, we find that the difference betwee |
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